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Class 22 - Linux Timers
Time Values
  1. elapsed time
    1. calendar time
    2. processor time
  2. interval time
    1. some timers provided in hardware
    2. operating system software implements additional timers

Calendar time counts the number of seconds since the Epoch,00:00:00 January 1, 1970 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).This is used by the operating system for tasks such as determiningwhich a file was last used.

Following are the steps involves in creating and deploying a simple timer job in SharePoint server 3.0 1. Create a class library project in visual studio 2008 Create a class which extends SPJobDefinition class wchich has some constructor and overrides Execute vritual methods, this is the methods which will be call by sharepoint timer services. What's new in Simple Daily Task Timer 1.1.3.0: In this version some minor bugs are fixed, scheduling start time can be selected as current time or start time of working hours and task order.

Processor time is cpu time. It is used by the operatingsystem to measure resource usage. Processor time is measured inclock ticks.

Using time at the command line yields a combination of these.90.7u 12.9s 2:39 65% means

90.7 seconds user cpu time
12.9 seconds system cpu time
2:39 seconds elapsed time
65% of the elapsed time was cpu time
callprotocolexampletime value
time()#include <time.h>
time_t time(time_t *calptr);
real time (wall clock)
also stores time value in placepointed to by calptr
gmtime()#include <time.h>
struct tm *gmtime(const time_t *calptr);
from real time to broken down time
mktime()#include <time.h>
time_t mktime( struct tm *tmptr);
from broken down time to real time
localtime()#include <time.h>
struct tm *localtime(const time_t *calptr);
from real time to broken down time
ctime()#include <time.h>
char *ctime(const time_t *clock);
from real time to ascii real time (wall clock)
returned in 26-character buffer
damo dat hr : min : secyear n 0
3 1 31 2 1 2 1 2 1 21 4 1 1
asctime()#include <time.h>
char *asctime(const struct tm *tmptr);
from broken down time to ascii real time
strftime()#include <time.h>
size_t strftime(char *buf, size_t maxsize,const char *format, const struct tm *tmptr);
from broken down time to formatted string
times()#include <sys/times.h>
clock_t times (struct tms *buffer);
example 6.1from broken down time to virtual time (time in run state)
returns info about process and its children in struct tms
gettimeofday()#include <sys/times.h>
int gettimeofday (struct timeval *tp, void *tzp);
example 6.2real time with greater accuracy
clock_setitimer()#include <sys/times.h>
int clock_setitimer(int which, const struct itimerval *value, struct itimeval *ovalue);
program 6.1interval timer for user - set it
clock_getitimer()#include <sys/times.h>
int clock_getitimer(int which, struct itimerval *value);
program 6.2interval timer for user - get the time remaining
namemanpage
section
purpose
adjtimex (2) - tune kernel clock
asctime [ctime] (3) - transform binary date and time to ASCII
clock (3) - Determine processor time
clockdiff (8) - Measures clock difference between us anddestination with 1msec resolution.
Without -o option it uses icmp timestamps,with -o it uses icmp echo with timestamp IP option
ctime (3) - transform binary date and time to ASCII
date (1) - print or set the system date and time
difftime (3) - calculate time difference
ftime (3) - return date and time
getitimer (2) - get or set value of an interval timer
gettimeofday (2) - get / set time
gmtime [ctime] (3) - transform binary date and time to ASCII
gtt (1) - GTimeTracker - a time tracker
localtime [ctime] (3) - transform binary date and time to ASCII
mktime [ctime] (3) - transform binary date and time to ASCII
nanosleep (2) - pause execution for a specified time
newer (1) - compare file modification times
profil (3) - execution time profile
rdate (1) - get the time via the network
ruptime (1) - show host status of local machines
setitimer [getitimer] (2) - get or set value of an interval timer
settimeofday [gettimeofday] (2) - get / set time
sleep (1) - delay for a specified amount of time
stime (2) - set time
strftime (3) - format date and time
strptime (3) - convert a string representation of time
to a time tm structure
sysconf (3) - Get configuration information at runtime
sysctl (8) - configure kernel parameters at runtime
time (2) - get time in seconds
timeconfig (8) - simple interface for configuring system time parameters
timed (8) - time server daemon
timedc (8) - timed control program
times (2) - get process times
times [builtins2] (1) - bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
tzfile (5) - time zone information
tzselect (8) - select a time zone
tzset (3) - initialize time conversion information
uptime (1) - Tell how long the system has been running
t3d (1) - clock using flying balls to display the time
Benchmark (3) - benchmark running times of code
Time::Local (3) - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
Time::gmtime (3) - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function
Time::localtime (3) - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function
Time::tm (3) - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
timeit [Benchmark] (3) - run a chunk of code and see how long it goes
timethese [Benchmark] (3) - run several chunks of code several times
timethis [Benchmark] (3) - run a chunk of code several times

Manpage sections are

  1. user commands
  2. system calls
  3. C library functions
  4. devices and network interfaces
  5. file formats
  6. games and demos
  7. environments, tables, troff macros
Name

Over the week-end I created the TaskTimer class that allows to execute code on timer in an async method:

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Source code: https://github.com/ikriv/tasktimer

Hr Task Timer As Simple As Its Name 1 2 0

Nuget package: https://www.nuget.org/packages/TaskTimer/1.0.0

Motivation

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To my astonishment, I have found that .NET Task Library does not (seem to) have support for executing a task on timer, similar to Observable.Interval(). I needed to execute an activity every second in my async method, and the suggestions I found on StackOverflow were quite awful: from using Task.Delay() to using a dedicated thread and Thread.Sleep().

Task.Delay() is good enough in many cases, but it has a problem. Consider this code:

One execution of the loop takes 1300ms on average, instead of 1000ms we wanted. So, on every execution we will accumulate an additional delay of 300ms. If DoSomething() takes different time from iteration to iteration, our activity will not only be late, but it will also be irregular. One could, of course, use real-time clock to adjust the delay after every execution, but this is quite laborious and hard to encapsulate.

https://bestnfil266.weebly.com/sitesucker-2-10-2-download-free.html. Using TaskTimer

Browser for “TaskTimer” package on NuGet and add it to your project. Alternatively, you can get the code from GitHub. The code requires .NET 4.5 or above.

You will need to choose the timer period, and the initial delay, or absolute start time:

The returned object is a disposable enumberable. You must call Dispose() https://datnowluxury.weebly.com/asap-rocky-peso-acapella.html. on it to properly disposer of the underlying timer object. The enumerable iterates over an infinite series of tasks. Task number N becomes completed after the timer ticks N times. The enumerable can be enumerated only once.

Mac hex fiend. Avoiding infinite loop

The enumerable returned by the timer is infinite, so you cannot get all the task at once.

You can use foreach on the timer, but that would be an infinite loop:

If you know the number of iterations in advance, use Take() method:

If you don’t, you can use a cancellation token:

About Disposable Enumerable

I initially implemented the timer sequence as generator method using the yield keyword. https://coolrfiles556.weebly.com/control-key-on-macbook-pro.html. You can see this in the GitHub history:

The trouble with this approach was that calling the Start() method did not actually start the timer: the timer would be started only when one begins to iterate over it. Furthermore, each iteration will create a new timer. I found this too confusing. I had enough trouble understanding similar behavior in observables to inflict this on the users of my own class.

So, I decided to switch to a schema where the timer gets started immediately upon calling of the Start() method. In reactive terms, TaskTimer is a hot observable. To stop the timer, one needs to dispose the return value of the Start() method, hence the disposable enumerable. To use the timer properly, one should put a foreach loop inside a using block like in the examples, above.

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Also, it is only possible to iterate over the timer once. The following will not work:

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It should be possible to implement a timer with multiple iteration semantics, but I decided it was not worth the complexity.

Conclusion

It’s a shame Task Library does not provide timer object out of the box. I hope I was able to fill the gap, at least to some extent. In the process I ran into interesting problems with the way IEnumerable, IEnumerator and IDisposable intersect, this is a fascinating world. I hope you do enjoy the result!





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